copd is always caused by cigarette smoking and (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease): MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Image COPD in Rural Communities |
COPD in Rural Communities NHLBI, NIH Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia COPD Causes & Symptoms Franciscan Health What is COPD? Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a longterm lung condition that makes it hard to breathe. It includes conditions like emphysema and chronic bronchitis and often gets worse The Role of Smoking in the Mechanisms of Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Atherosclerosis
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