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AOD-9604 is a synthetically derived peptide fragment corresponding to amino acids 177191 of human growth hormone (hGH)

While hGH affects glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, AOD9604 showed no adverse effects

(Mondal et al., 2018) demonstrated that elevated homocysteine levels can directly modulate lipid metabolism and induce hyperlipidemia in rats through Hcy administration (50 mg/kg/d)

What they found: In normal obese mice: AOD-9604 reduced body fat by 21 % vs placebo, hGH by 24 % The AOD-9604 effect was fully dependent on the 3-adrenergic receptor , in knock-out mice no effect The hGH effect was partly independent of 3-AR , in knock-out mice there was still ~10 % fat reduction AOD-9604 did not raise IGF-1 (control level), whereas hGH raised IGF-1 by 80 % No changes in growth, organ weights (except adipose tissue), fasting insulin Why it matters: The study provided the mechanistic basis for AOD-9604 and confirmed the key business hypothesis: it is possible to separate the lipolytic effect of GH from its growth effect

the add-on peptide is the speculative part