For cultured astrocytes, the processes that are mainly responsible for the consumption of intracellular GSH aredepending on the experimental conditions appliedthe oxidation of GSH to GSSG by GPx, the conjugation of GSH with electrophiles, and/or the export of GSH, GSSG, and GSHconjugates (Figure 2)
Abbreviations BM: Basement membrane BMDC: Bone marrow derived cell bFGF: Basic fibroblast growth factor CAFs: Cancer-associated fibroblasts COX: Cyclooxygenase CSF: Colony stimulation factor ECM: Extracellular matrix EGF: Epidermal growth factor IFN-: Interferon- IL: Interleukin LEGF: Lymphatic endothelial growth factor LPS: Lipopolysaccharide Mac: Macrophages MDF: Myocardial depressant factor MMP: Matrix metallo proteinases NK: Natural killer cell PGE2: Prostaglandin E2 TAM: Tumor associated macrophages TNF-: Tumor necrosis factor- VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor YCPC: Yolk sac progenitor cell References Shi X, Tang Y, Sun X, et al
[PubMed] [Wiley] Li Y, He B, Li H, Zhang Q, Tang C, Du J, Jin H
This membrane bound conformation effectively prevents its fibril formation and subsequent toxic consequences (Zhang et al., 2020)
Recent developments in scientific research have highlighted the growing role of peptides as tools for studying biological mechanisms
