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Platinum resistance is broadly governed by two intertwined domains: cell-intrinsic mechanisms, such as enhanced DNA repair and altered drug metabolism, and tumor microenvironment (TME) influences, including stromal remodeling, immune suppression, and metabolic crosstalk

The unfolded protein response, the stress-induced quality control system of the endoplasmic reticulum, is activated not only by the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, but also by signaling lipids, including sphingolipids, and by the potentially harmful excess of lipid species such as saturated fatty acids, ceramides and cholesterol (Puth et al., 2015)

Recent research indicates that nutritional supplementation may play a valuable adjunctive role in PCOS management, particularly in addressing metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory disturbances

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Zahra FT, Adil M, et al