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By applying high-frequency serial blood sampling and targeted metabolomics in a longitudinal exercise trial with 12 young, healthy adults (6 females, 6 males), we assessed temporal alterations in energy-related metabolites during acute aerobic exercise and after 1 h of recovery

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.08.018 64 CoussensLMWerbZ

Their protein and RNA synthesis rates are very low, concentration of these substances is decreased, and features of quiescent cells are evident (they are slightly basophilic, nucleoli are small, chromatin is of typical structure, etc.)

Nuclear mitochondrial gene abnormalities were ruled-out using an oligonucleotide array with comparative genomic hybridization analysis that examines 180 nuclear genes involved in mitochondria function, including genes involved in fatty-acid oxidation, carnitine metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA maintenance, transcription and translation, and ETC complex assembly (MitoMet, Baylor Medical Genetics Laboratory)

Reich and Savitt, 2019)