Good Sources of Vitamin B12: Shellfish (oysters, clams, crab) Fish (trout, salmon, haddock, tuna) Beef (including beef liver) Dairy (milk, yogurt, cheese) Eggs Fortified cereals Fortified plant milks Nutritional yeast Considering most foods that have high amounts of vitamin B12 are animal-based, those who follow a vegetarian or vegan diet may be particularly vulnerable to a B12 deficiency
Remember, although a vaccine does not technically interact with alcohol, you should check with your healthcare provider before drinking alcohol before or after your vaccine
A variety of factors can put someone at risk for a nutrient deficiency, including: Inadequate diet Increased nutrient demands due to pregnancy, breastfeeding, and menstruation Decreased nutrient absorption from GI conditions like celiac and Crohn's disease Genetic mutations (like the MTHFR polymorphism) Lower bioavailability of some nutrients (e.g., zinc and iron) from plant versus animal sources Decreased synthesis of vitamin D from sunlight among individuals with dark-colored skin Common medications that impact nutrient absorption, metabolism, and excretion Aging, which can trigger changes (such as decreased stomach acid) that decrease vitamin D and B12 absorption Now let's explore seven common nutrient deficiencies that can impact metabolic health and the blood tests that check for these deficiencies
Diabetes Care 42:S90-s102
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