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Dex-Lips inhibited of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF-, and IL-1 by promoting the polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype while modulation occurred through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway

Adaptive reactions are always systemic, since they require the interaction of several cell types (especially antigen presenting cells, T-cells and B-cells) and involve secondary immune tissues, mainly lymph nodes and spleen

(4) active infection requiring antibiotic use