l-carnitine tmao nature medicine 2013 koeth Gut Microbiota-Derived TMAO: A Causal Factor Promoting Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease? L-Carnitine intake and high trimethylamine
L Carnitine intake and high trimethylamine N oxide plasma levels correlate with low aortic lesions in ApoE transgenic mice expressing CETP ScienceDirect Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC JCI l Carnitine in omnivorous diets induces an atherogenic gut microbial pathway in humans The gutbrain axis and trimethylamine N oxide: an emergent biomarker in neurological diseases ScienceDirect Gut microbiota derived metabolite trimethylamine N oxide in major adverse cardiovascular events: Mechanisms, risk assessment, and therapeutic strategies
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