3.2.2 PTT and Parkinsons disease PD is characterized by dopaminergic neuron death, which depletes striatal dopamine and promotes -synuclein aggregation (Li T
Abbreviations 1MT: 1-methyl-tryptophan 3HAA: 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid 3HK: 3-hydroxykynurenine 5-HT: Serotonin 7nAChRs 7: nicotinic acetylcholine receptors AHR: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor AMPAR: -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor BBB: Blood brain barrier BCG: Bacile Calmette-Gurin BDI-II: Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor BSSI: Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation CDRS-R: Childrens Depression Rating Scale-Revised CNS: Central nervous system ESBA: (S)-4-(ethylsulfonyl)benzoylalanine GBA: Gut-brain axis HAMD: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale HPA: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase KAT: Kynurenine aminotransferase KMO: Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase KP: Kynurenine pathway K-SADS-PL: Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children KYN: Kynurenine KYNA: Kynurenic acid LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase LPS: Lipopolysaccharide LSD: Lysergic acid diethylamide MDD: Major depressive disorder NMDAR: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NO: Nitric oxide PA: Picolinic acid QA: Quinolinic acid ROS: Reactive oxygen species SCFA: Short-chain fatty acids SSRI: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor TBI: Traumatic brain injury TDO : Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase TRP: Tryptophan UCMS: Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress References Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Salanti G, Chaimani A, Atkinson LZ, Ogawa Y, et al
The total investment for a single drug application can range from $80 million to $1.2 billion, with an overall development timeline of approximately 8-12 years
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Risks and recommendations What are the recommended doses for oral and IV forms
