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conducted experiments demonstrating that lightening is electricity o Believed reason, not religion to govern human life Arminianism: taught that reason alone was capable of establishing the essentials of religion Deism: a belief that God essentially withdrew after creating the world, leaving it to function according to scientific laws without divine intervention Miracles and innate sinfulness were now outdated superstitions 17th century, Isaac newton revealed that natural laws governed the physical universe o Gods purest form of handiwork o Deists concluded the best religious devotion was to study of natures workings Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson were Deists The Great Awakening Religious Revivals Ministers concerned at undermining of religious devotion o Westward expansion o o o Commercial development Growth of Enlightenment rationalism Lack of individual engagement in church services The Great Awakening: Fervent religious revival movement in the 1720s through 1740s that was spread throughout the colonies by ministers like New England Congregationalist Jonathan Edwards and English revivalist George Whitefield o Series of local events united by a commitment to a religion of the hearta more emotional and person Christianity The Preaching of Whitefield George Whitefield sparked the Great Awakening more than anyone else Brought emotional preaching from Georgia to New England Claimed God was merciful and people were not predestined for damnation, they just needed to repent their sins 7 First major intercolonial event The Awakenings Impact Changed religious configuration Enlarged boundaries of liberty Congregations split into factions o Old Light (Traditionalists) o New Light (Revivalists) New churches proliferated (Baptist, Presbyterian, Methodist, ect.) New churches criticized the levy of taxes to support the church Authority was questioned and commercial society was criticized o People should make salvation, not profit o Unworldliness of wealthy planterssinful activities such as gambling, horse racing, lavish entertainments on the Sabbath Encouraged colonists to trust their own views rather than those of established elites Although revivalists aim was spiritual salvation, the independent frame of mind the encouraged would have significant political consequences Imperial Rivalries Spanish North America Spanish empire stretched from Pacific coast and New Mexico into the Great Plains o On paper, territory was vast Spanish America was sparsea few small, isolated urban clusters o St
It was recovered from a garbage dump and returned to the store, this time placed inside for security
Tobacco Cessation Did you know tobacco kills over 8 million people each year
"Shohei Ohtani homers twice, his first two on the road"
